What is transpiration in the context of plants?

Transpiration refers specifically to the process by which plants lose water vapor through tiny openings called stomata, which are primarily located on the leaves. This process is critical for several reasons. Firstly, it helps in maintaining the plant's temperature and preventing overheating. Secondly, as water evaporates from the stomata, it creates a negative pressure within the plant's vascular system, which assists in the upward movement of water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves, a process known as capillary action.

Transpiration also plays a vital role in the water cycle, contributing to moisture in the atmosphere. It is distinct from other processes like nutrient absorption, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration, which involve different mechanisms and focus on energy production and nutrient uptake rather than water regulation.